What you need to know about geothermal heating & cooling systems.
What is geothermal energy?
The earth absorbs approximately 47% of transmitted solar energy and stores this free thermal energy beneath our feet.
Even though the air temperature is hot in the summer and cold in the winter, the ground temperature just a few feet below the surface is relatively constant year round.
Geothermal energy systems take advantage of this by transferring the warmer energy into our homes in the winter. In the summer, the process is reversed. The earth is like a large solar collector and storage battery, with more than enough thermal energy for everyone..
Is geothermal really good for the environment??
Absolutely! The EPA has called geothermal systems “the most environmentally friendly way to condition our homes.” A ground source heat pump does not have an exhaust and emits zero carbon dioxide. Removing the combustion process from heating reduces our dependency on foreign oil and eliminates the potential for carbon monoxide poisoning.
The most efficient way to heat and cool your home & business
A geothermal energy system utilizes the large amount of energy/heat stored in the earth beneath our feet. Since geothermal energy systems only move heat, and do not need to create this energy by burning fuels or standard electrical consumption, efficiencies as high as 500% can be expected in this area. The small amount of electricity needed to operate the heat pump compressor and ground loop circulators can transfer 4 to 5 times that amount in thermal energy for the home.
What components are in a geothermal system?
1. Ground Loop Heat Exchanger
The ground loop is the interface with the earth that transfers energy via a freeze-resistant solution pumped through the exchanger at a high velocity. Several ground loop types and designs are available to match the unique properties of each project.
2. Ground Source Heat Pump
The ground source heat pump utilizes a refrigeration circuit to extract thermal energy from the ground loop and transfer it to the distribution system during the winter months to warm the home. During the summer, this process is reversed to cool the home.
3. Distribution System
The distribution system quietly delivers heat throughout the home, creating a very even and controlled temperature. Air-based systems use duct work, while radiant flooring or fan coils distribute heat with a water-based hydronic system.
Which geothermal system is right for me?
Every house is different and so every geothermal system should be as well. Factors such as yard size, soil conditions and heating demand can greatly impact the design requirements of a ground loop. Similarly the age, construction, and homeowner priorities shape the needs of the distribution system.
Luckily there are versatile design options available to help geothermal meet the needs of your home!
Geothermal Ground Loop Types
Horizontal Closed Loop
The most common loop design utilizes an excavator to bury the heat exchanger horizontally in the ground approximately 6ft deep.
Vertical Closed Loop
This loop allows smaller properties to take advantage of geothermal technology. A drilling rig is used to bury the heat exchanger vertically in the ground.
Pond/Lake Loop
The most cost-effective strategy submerges the heat exchanger in a large body of water (because no digging or drilling is needed). Most homes require a 1/2 acre pond with a ten foot minimum depth for proper operation.
How much will I save by switching to geothermal energy?
Deciding to switch to renewable energy is easy; paying for it can be complicated. Luckily there are several incentives and financing options available.
Explore our collection of articles for more common questions, practical tips and expert insights – compiled to help you confidently transition your home to clean energy.
The most invasive part of geothermal installation is digging and drilling the ground loops, which serve as the heat source. Proper installation is essential to avoid…
